Hydraulically operated expanding mandrel



W49. E. A. ARP 2,478,447 HYDRAULICALLY OPERATED EXPANDING MANDREL Filed July 1, 1948 3 Sheets-Sheet l g 8 4i /@@w@ n%m Egg mwmw m Q .ME 9. E. mm on MIN A TTURNEY 9, 194. E. A; ARP 2,473,447

' HYDRAULICALLY OPERATED EXPANDING MANDREL Filed July 1, 1948 s Sheets-Sheet z 5&6

/N VE N TOP [WALD A. ARP

gr L AZTTORNEY Aug. 9, 1949. ARP 2,478,447

'HYDRAULICALLY OPERATED EXPANDING MANDREL Filed July 1, 1948 s Shee ts-Sheet 3 INVENTOR [WA LD A. ARP

5 H- @MM A 7' TORNEY l atented Aug. 9, 1949 HYDRAULICALLY OPERATED EXPANDING MANDREL Ewald A. Arp, Minneapolis, Minn., assignor to Tohin-Arp Manufacturing Company, Minneapolis, Minn., a corporation of Minnesota Application July 1, 1948, Serial No. 36,527

18 Claims.

This invention has relation to an hydraulically operated expanding mandrel.

An object of the invention is to provide an expanding mandrel, devised to be more especially useful to position a member, such for example, as a connecting rod, to be bored 01' rebored, which will be of new and improved construction.

A further object is to provide an expanding mandrel wherein will be incorporated various desirable and improved features and characteristics of construction novel both as individual entities of the expanding mandrel and in combination with each other.

And a further object is to provide an expanding mandrel which will be operative in a novel and improved manner to the accomplishment of its intended service or function.

With the above objects in view, as well as others which will appear as the specification proceeds, the invention comprises the construction, arrangement and combination of parts as now to be fully described and as hereinafter to be specifically claimed, it being understood that the disclosure herein is merely illustrative and intended in no way in a limiting sense, changes in details of construction and arrangement of parts being permissible as long as within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the claims which follow.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification,

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of an expanding mandrel made according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal sectional view disclosing the right end portion of the expanding mandrel of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view, on the scale of Fig. 2, disclosing the left end portion of the expanding mandrel of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a further enlarged fragmentary longitudinal sectional view disclosing the right end portion of the part of the expanding mandrel shown in Fig. 2; v 1

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view, on the scale of Fig. 4, disclosing the left end portion of the part of the expanding mandrel shown in Fig. 2 and the right end portion of the part of said expanding mandrel shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view, on the scale of Figs. 4 and 5, disclosing an intermediate portion of the part of the expanding mandrel shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged transverse sectional view, taken as on line 1-1 in Fig. 6;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged transverse sectional view, taken as on line 8-8 in Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged transverse sectional view, taken as on line 9-9 in Fig. 3;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged transverse sectional view, taken on line Ill-ll] in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 11 is an enlarged transverse sectional view, taken as on line ll--ll in Fig. 3.

With respect to the drawings and the numerals of reference thereon, l5 denotes an elongated cylinder of the expanding mandrel which the invention presents, and it indicates an elongated hollow member in alined relation to and concentric relation with said elongated cylinder l5.

The elongated cylinder l5 and the elongated hollow member it are rigidly connected to each other through the instrumentality of a hollow fitting I! between and alined with said elongated cylinder and hollow member. A reduced threaded end portion I8 of the hollow fitting ll engages an internal thread provided by the inner, adjacent end portion of the hollow member [6, an enlarged threaded end portion I9 of said hollow fitting engages an internal thread provided by the inner, adjacent end portion of the cylinder l5, and an intermediate portion of the hollow fitting ll is cut away, as at 20. The reduced threaded end portion I8 is turned into the hollow member I6 to extent causing the inner, adjacent end of said hollow member to be engaged against the body of said hollow fitting, and a locking ring 2!, upon the enlarged threaded end portion In and against the inner, adjacent end of the cylinder l5, retains the hollow fitting and said cylinder in fixed relation to each other. The hollow fitting l1 provides a cylindrical passageway between the cylinder I5 and the hollow member 16 contiguous at its opposite ends with interior spaces of said cylinder and hollow member, respectively.

The outer end of the elongated cylinder l5, opposite the elongated hollow member [6, is closed by a head constituted as a valve casing 22. An enlarged threaded end portion 23 of said closure head or valve casing 22 engages an internal thread provided by the outer, adjacent end portion of the cylinder l5, and a reduced threaded end portion 24 of the closure head or valve casing is for receiving a tubular connection 25 leading from a source (not shown) of fluid, such as air, under pressure. The enlarged threaded end portion 23 is turned into the cylinder IE to extent causing the outer, adjacent end of said cylinder to be engaged against the body of the closure head or valve casing, and the rethreaded, as at 56, in the hollow cylindrical body of said exterior piston at the side of the interior piston 5|, opposite the closure head or valve casing 22, and the outer end portion of the first longitudinally extending actuator or hollow tube 55 is rigidly secured, as at 51, in the hollow portion of said connector or nut 54.

The interior piston 5l rigidly supports a second longitudinally extending actuator constituted as a rod 58 slidably arranged in the first longitudinally extending actuator or hollow tube 55 and terminating in adjacent relation to the inner end of said first actuator or hollow tube. The end portion of the second longitudinally extending actuator or rod 58 adjacent the interior piston 5| is secured to said interior piston through the instrumentality of an external thread 59 on said second actuator or rod fitted in an internally threaded opening in the solid cylindrical body of the interior piston.

The elongated hollow member l6 supports elongated blades, designated 60, 60 and GI, Bl, respectively, which extend longitudinally of said elongated hollow member and are mounted thereon for sliding movement toward and away from the elongated cylinder l5. As disclosed, there are four elongated blades upon the elongated hollow member disposed at 90 degrees apart. The elongated blades 66, 60 are disposed in a single plane passed longitudinally and diametrically through said eongated hollow member l6, as are also the elongated blades 6|, 6|.

The elongated hollow member It includes longitudinally extending slots 62 disposed at 90 degrees apart, and there is an elongated blade in each of said longitudinal slots. The elongated blades are of duplicate construction. Each includes spaced apart camming surfaces 63 upon its interior edge engaged against spaced apart, complemental camming surfaces 64 provided by said elongated hollow member [6, and said elongated blades are keyed, as at 65, to the elongated hollow member. The construction and arrangement will be such that the elongated blades will each be moved exteriorly, all to equal extent, in

response to sliding movement of said elongated blades in outward direction, or direction away from the elongated cylinder 15, and interiorly in response to slidin movement of the elongated blades in inward direction, or direction toward said elongated cylinder. Each elongated blade includes a straight exterior edge 55, and the construction and arrangement will be such that the straight exterior edges of all of the elongated blades constantly will be maintained in parallel relation regardless of the set positions of said elongated blades relative to the elongated hollow member l6, Said elongated hollow member is of general cylindrical configuration and its outer end portion 6! is curvilinear to the end that it can be readily inserted into bearings (not shown) provided, for instance, by spaced apart support members 68, 68 disclosed in Fig. 1 and by a connecting rod 19.

Movement of the exterior piston 46 in direction away from the closure head or valve casing 22, toward the left in Figs. 2 and 4, is adapted to actuate the elongated blades 60, 60 in corresponding direction, and movement of the interior piston 5| in direction away from said closure head or valve casing, toward the left in said Figs. 2 and 4, is adapted to actuate the elongated blades 5|, 5| in corresponding direction.

The elongated hollow member l6 slidably supportsa first actuator element 69 adapted to be operated. by the first longitudinally extending ac-" tuator or hollow tube 55 to cause the elongated blades 60, 60 to be moved outwardly, in direction away from the elongated cylinder l5, and said elongated hollow member also slidably supports a second actuator element 10 adapted to be operated by the second longitudinally extending actuator or rod 58 to cause the elongated blades 6|, 6| to be moved outwardly.

The first actuator element 69 is constituted as a hollow cylindrical body having thereon spaced apart finger pieces H extending outwardly from said hollow cylindrical body and having therethrough a central passageway T2 extending longitudinally of the elongated hollow member Hi. The hollow cylindrical body of said first actuator element is situated adjacent the outer end of the first longitudinally extending actuator or hollow tube 55 and is fixed against turning movement in the elongated hollow member l6 through the instrumentality of a lug 13 in said elongated hollow member disposed in a longitudinal slot 14 in the hollow cylindrical body of said first actuator element.

The second actuator element 10 is constituted as a plug of rectilinear configuration having its opposite side edges rounded and a plunger 15 upon and extending inwardly from said plug and slidably disposed in the central passageway 12. A portion of said plunger 15 projects beyond the inner end of the first actuator element 69 and lies in adjacent relation to the second actuator or rod 58. The plug of said second actuator element 10 is disposed between the finger pieces H of the first actuator element 69, and an elongated slot 15 across said plug slidably receives a cross pin H the opposite ends of which are mounted in the first actuator element 69, or in its finger pieces 1 l.

The construction and arrangement will be such that the first longitudinally extending actuator or hollow tube 55 can be operated to cause the elongated blades 60, 69 to be slid outwardly, through the medium of the first actuator element 59, independently of actuation of the second longitudinally extending actuator, the second actuator element I0 and the elongated blades 6|, GI, and also such that the second longitudinally extending actuator or rod 58 can be operated to cause said elongated blades 6|, Bl to be slid out wardly, through the medium of the second actuator element 10, independently of actuation of said first longitudinally extending actuator, said first actuator element 59 and said elongated blades 60, 60. The first longitudinally extending actuator or hollow tube 55 when forced outwardly engages the hollow cylindrical body of the first actuator element 69 and forces this outwardly, and the finger pieces H of said first actuator element engage interior portions of the adjacent ends of the elongated blades 60, 60 and force these outwardly. The second longitudinall extending actuator or rod 58 when forced outwardly engages the plunger 15 of the second actuator element Ill and forces this outwardly, and the plug of said second actuator element engages interior portions of the adjacent ends of the elongated blades 6|, BI and forces these outwardly.

The new and improved expanding mandrel can be advantageously employed to accurately position a member having a bearing to be bored or rebored. The four elongated blades, disposed at 90 degrees apart, will engage and support the bearing at two diiferent sets of diametrically oppositely disposed locations of the bearing under pressure at t e location where each elongatedblade en a es he ar ng which is the same for ll f. the elongated blad s, and he lo ations where the elongated blades 60.. fill ns-a an s ppor bearin to. be posi i ed; will be spac d 90 degrees from the locations where theelongated blades 61, 6| n a e and pp rt the b arin Supposing the exterior piston 46 to be actuated to cause the elongated blades 60, 6 0- to be first enagcd a ainst a bearing. in which the expanding mandrel is situated, he interior piston Bl will be later actua ed to cau e th longa ed blades. 6 6|- to be engaged a ains the bearin and both said exterior and interior pistons will in. cooperation eventually cause all of the elongated blades to engage the bearing under substantially the. same pr ssure Suppo in he interior pis on 5| to be actuated to cause the elongated blades 61, 6| to be first engaged against a bearing, the exterior p s on 46 will be later actuated to cause he elongated blades 60, 60 to be engaged against the bearing, and the exterior and interior pistons will, in cooperation, cause all of the elongated blades to engage the bearing with equal pressure.

In the; illustrated embodiment of the invention, the fluid under pressure employed is air. When the control lever 36' is situated, as in Fig. 2,, to cause the port 28- to be shut on from the port 29, the outer circumferential groove 30 is con-.

tiguous with said port 29 and the inner circumferential groove 31 isin, clearing'relation to the closure. head. or valve casin 22. Thus the interior space of the elongated cylinder l5 and the interior space 69 of the hollow cylindrical body of the exterior piston 46 are open to atmosphere. A compression coil spring 78, within said elongated cylinder i5 and between the connector or nutv 54 and the hollow fitting, i1, is for urging the exterior piston 46 inwardly, toward the closure head or valve casing 22, upon relief of pressure in the elongated cylinder.

What is claimed is:

1. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and. second blades, a member supporting said first and second blades for movement longi tudinally thereof in opposite directions, means for causing said first and second blades to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member in response to movement of the first and second blades in one direction longitudinally of the supporting member and interiorly of said supporting member in response to movement of. said first and second blades in an opposite direction longitudinally of the supporting member, first means for causing id first b ade to be moved in direction longie tudinally of said supporting member, independwhy of said second blade, adapted to cause the first blade to be moved exteriorly of the sup.- porting member, and second means for causing the second blade to be moved in direction longitudinally of said supporting member, independently of said first blade, adapted to cause. said second blade to be moved exteriorly of the sup,- l orting member.

2. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second sets of oppositely disposed blades, a member supporting theblades of said first and second sets for movement longitudinally of said supporting member in. opposite directions, means for: causing the blades of said first and second sets to be moved exteriorly ofv the supporting member in response to movement of. said blades in one: direction. longitudinally of. said supporting member and interiorly of said supporting memher'in response to movement of the blades in an oppositedi ec ion on ly'of. e s p ort ing member, first means for causing the oppositely disposed blades of said first set to be moved in direction longitudinally of the supporting member, independently of the oppositely disposed blades of said second set, adapted to cause said oppositely disposed blades of the first set to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member, and second means for causing said oppositely disposed blades of the second set to be moved in direction longitudinally of the supporting member, independently of the oppositely disposed blades of said first set, adapted to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said. second set to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member.

3'. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second blades, a member supporting sai first and second blades for movement longitudinally thereof, means for causing said first and second blades to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member in response to movement of the first and second blades longitudinally of the supporting member, first means for moving said first blade longitudinally of said supporting member independently of said second blade thus to cause the first blade to be moved exteriorly of the supporting member, and second means for moving the second blade longitudinally of said supporting member independently of said first blade thus to cause said second blade to be moved exteriorly of the supporting member.

i. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and-second sets of oppositely disposed blades, a member supporting the blades of said first and second sets for movement longitudinally of said supporting member, means for causing the blades of said first and second sets to be moved exteriorly of the. supporting member in response to movement of said blades. longitudinally of said a supporting member, first means for moving the oppositely disposed blades of said first set longitudinally of the supporting member independe ently of the oppositely disposed blades of said second. set thus to cause said oppositely disposed l blades of the first set to be moved exteriorly of said. supporting member, and second means for moving said oppositely disposed blades of the second set longitudinally of the supporting member independently of the oppositely disposed blades of said first set thus to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said second set to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member.

5. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second blades, a member supporting said first and second blades for movement longitudinally thereof, means for causing said first and second blades to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member in response to movement of the first and second blades longitudinally of the supporting member, first means for moving said first blade in direction longitudinally of said supporting member independently of said second blade thus to cause the first blade to be moved exteriorly of the supporting member, second means for moving the second blade longitudinally of said supporting member independently of said first blade thus to cause said second blade to be moved exteriorly of the supporting memher, and means for forcibly actuating said first and second means to equal extent.

6. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second sets of oppositely disposed blades, a member supporting the blades of said first and. second sets for movement longitudinally of said supporting member, means for causing 9 the blades of said first and second sets to be moved exteriorly of the supporting member in response to movement of said blades longitudinally of said supporting member, a first device for moving the oppositely disposed blades of said first set longitudinally of the supporting member independently of the oppositely disposed blades of said second set thus to cause said oppositely disposed blades of the first set to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member, a second device for moving said oppositely disposed blades of the second set longitudinally of the supporting member independently of the oppositely disposed blades of said first set thus to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said second set to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member, and means for forcibly actuating said first and second devices to equal extent.

'7. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second blades, a member supporting said first and second blades for movement longitudinally thereof, means for causing said first and second blades to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member in response to movement of the first and second blades longitudinally of the supporting member, a cylinder rigid with said supporting member, first and second pistons in said cylinder adapted to be independently moved toward said supporting member in response to fluid under pressure, a first element adapted to a be actuated in response to movement of said first piston to ard the supporting member to cause said first blade to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member, and a second element adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said second piston toward the supporting member to cause said second blade to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member. v

8. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second sets of oppositely disposed blades, a member supporting the blades of said first and second sets for movement longitudinally of said supporting member, means for causing the blades of said first and second sets to be moved exteriorly of the supporting member in response to movement of said blades longitudinally of said supporting member, a cylinder rigid with said supporting member, first and second pistons in said cylinder adapted to be independently moved toward said supporting member in response to fiuid under pressure, a first element adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said first piston toward the supporting member to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said first set to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of the supporting member, and a second element adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said second piston toward the supporting member to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said second set to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member.

9. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second blades, a member supporting said first and second blades for movement longitudinally thereof, means for causing said first and second blades to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member in response to movement of the first and second blades longitudinally of the supporting member, a cylinder rigid with said supporting member, first and second pistons in said cylinder adapt-ed to be independently moved toward said supporting member in response to fluid under pressure, a first element adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said first piston toward the supporting member to cause first and second sets of oppositely disposed blades,

a member supporting the blades of said first and second sets for movement longitudinally of said supporting member, means for causing the blades of said first and second sets to be moved exteriorly of the supporting member in response to movement of said blades longitudinally of said supporting member, a cylinder rigid with said supporting member, first and second pistons in said cylinder adapted to be independently moved toward said supporting member in response to fluid under pressure, a first element adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said first piston toward the supporting member to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said first set to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of the supporting member, a second element adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said second piston toward the supporting member to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said second set to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member, and means for causing pressure applied against said first and second pistons to move them toward said supporting member to be exerted in equal amount against the first and second pistons,

11. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second blades, a member supporting said first and second blades for movement longitudinally thereof, means for causing said first and second blades to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member in response to movement of the first and second blades longitudinally of the supporting member, a cylinder rigid with said supporting member, first and second pistons in said cylinder adapted to be independently moved under substantially equal pressure toward said supporting member in response to fluid under pressure, a first element adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said first piston toward the supporting member to cause said first blade to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member, and a second element adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said second piston toward the supporting member to cause said second blade to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member.

12. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second sets of oppositely disposed blades, a member supporting the blades of said first and second sets for movement longitudinally of said supporting member, means for causing the blades of said first and second sets to be moved exteriorly of the supporting member in response to movement of said blades longitudinally of said supporting member, a cylinder rigid with said supporting member, first and second pistons in said cylinder adapted to be independently moved under substantially equal pressure toward said supporting member in response to fluid under pressure, a first element adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said first piston toward the supporting member to cause the oppositely disposed blades .of said first set to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of the supporting member, and a second element adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said second piston toward the supporting member to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said second set to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member.

13. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second blades, a member supporting said first and second blades for movement longitudinally thereof, means for causing said first and second blades to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member in response to movement of the first and second blades longitudinally of the supporting member, a cylinder rigid with said supporting member, external and internal pistons in said cylinder adapted to be independently moved toward said supporting member in response to fluid under pressure, a hollow tube adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said external piston toward the supporting member to cause said first blade to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member, and a rod within said hollow tube adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said interior piston toward the supporting member to cause said second blade to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member.

14. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second sets of oppositely disposed blades, a member supporting the blades of said first and second sets for movement longitudinally of said supporting member, means for causing the blades 5 of said first and second sets to be moved exteriorly of the supporting member in response to movement of said blades longitudinally of said supporting member, a cylinder rigid with said supporting member, exterior and interior pistons in said cylinder adapted to be independently moved toward said supporting member in response to fluid under pressure, a hollow tube adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said first piston toward the supporting member to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said first set to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of the supporting member, and a rod within said hollow tube adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said interior piston toward the supporting member to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said second set to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member.

15. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second blades, a member supporting said first and second blades for movement longitudinally thereof, means for causing said first and second-blades to be moved exteriorly of said supporting member in response to movement of the first and second blades longitudinally of the sup- 0 porting member, a cylinder rigid with said supporting member, external and internal pistons in said cylinder adapted to be independently moved under substantially equal pressure toward said supporting member in response to fluid under pressure, a hollow tube adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said external piston toward the supporting member to cause said first blade to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member, and a rod Within said hollow tube adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said interior piston toward the supporting member to cause said second blade to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member.

16. In an expanding mandrel, in combination, first and second sets of oppositely disposed blades, a member supporting the blades of said first and second sets for movement longitudinally of said supporting member, means for causing the blades of said first .and second sets to be moved exteriorly of the supporting member in response to movement of said blades longitudinally of said supporting member, a cylinder rigid with said supporting member, exterior and interior pistons in said cylinder adapted to be independently moved under substantially equal pressure toward said supporting member in response to fluid under pressure, a hollow tube adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said first piston toward the supporting member to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said first set to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of the supporting member, and a rod within said hollow tube adapted to be actuated in response to movement of said interior piston toward the supporting member to cause the oppositely disposed blades of said second set to be moved longitudinally and exteriorly of said supporting member.

17. The combination as specified in claim 13, a first actuator element between said hollow tube and said first blade, and a second actuator element between said rod and said second blade.

18. The combination as specified in claim 14, a first actuator element between said hollow tube and the oppositely disposed blades of said first set, and asecond actuator element between said rod and the oppositely disposed blades of said second set.

EWALD A. ARP.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 465,075 Grantland Dec. 15, 1891 2,232,304 Baker Feb. 18, 1941 2,453,717 Long Nov. 16, 1948 

